Mayo Clinic Stimulation Therapies for Epilepsy 2025

Epilepsy treatment using stimulation therapies is a rapidly developing field of practice. Many established neurologists and neurosurgeons are not familiar with the latest technological and surgical advances. For example, providers may not be clear when invasive versus noninvasive therapies for epilepsy treatment are most appropriate or what options exist. Similarly, practitioners may not know how or when to apply vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) versus responsive neurostimulation (RNS) versus deep stimulation.